Report on manufacturing of Hydro Generators in BHEL

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Contents:-
Report on BHEL,haridwar
Report on BHEL,Jhansi
Report on BHEL,Hyderabad
Report on BHEL,Bhopal

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          Chapter 5

                    Hydro 

5.0 INTRODUCTION

Depending on the type of prime mover used, synchronous generators have been divided into two categories:

• Hydro Generators
• Turbo Generators

5.1 HYDRO GENERATOR

It is an electric rotating machine that transforms mechanical power from a hydraulic turbine or water wheel into electric power. Another definition can be, a low-speed generator driven by water turbines.

Hydro generators may have a horizontal or vertical shaft. The horizontal units are usually small with speeds of 300–1200 revolutions per minute (rpm). The vertical units are usually larger and more easily adapted to small hydraulic heads. The rotor diameters range from 2 to 62 ft (0.6 to 19 m) and capacities from 50 to 900,000 kVA. The generators are rated in kVA (kilovolts times amperes). The kilowatt output is the product of kVA and power factor. The normal power-factor rating of small synchronous generators is between 0.8 and 1.0 with 0.9 being common. For large generators a rating of 0.9–0.95 is common with the machines able to operate up to 1.0 when the load requires. The generators may also supply reactive power.

The turbine shown in the Figure 5.1 has an adjustable blade propeller, typical of large, low-head units that are common on large river power plants. The water enters the turbine spiral scroll casing, falls down through the turbine, causing rotation, and empties into the river. The shaft transmits the rotation to the generator spider or hub and thence to the rotor rim and poles. The magnetic field of the rotor poles transmits the torque to the stator and changes the mechanical power to electrical power.

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